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What Is the Compressed Natural Gas Tax (IRS No. 120)?

Compressed Natural Gas CNG is classified as an alternative fuel under federal excise tax rules. The tax applies when CNG is delivered into the fuel tank of a motor vehicle or motorboat, or sold in certain bulk transactions. This tax is reported on Form 720 under IRS No. 120 in the Fuel Taxes category.

Under Section 4081, alternative fuels such as CNG are taxable when used for highway transportation purposes. Unlike traditional gasoline or diesel, CNG is taxed based on energy content rather than liquid volume.

 PCORI-Fee-Amount
Key Points Based on IRS Fuel Tax Guidance:

Form 720 Tax Rate: Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) is subject to federal excise tax at $0.183 per gasoline gallon equivalent (GGE) and must be reported on IRS Form 720 for the applicable quarter.

  • The tax applies when CNG is dispensed into a vehicle fuel tank or sold in qualifying bulk sales
  • Tax liability arises at the time of delivery or sale
  • The tax rate is based on gasoline gallon equivalent standards
  • Sellers and users must maintain proper transaction and usage records
Who Pays this Tax?

Any business or individual that sells, dispenses, or uses CNG as a motor fuel is responsible for reporting and paying this tax quarterly using IRS Form 720.

Compressed Natural Gas Excise Tax Filing Requirements

Category Details
IRS Number 120 (Compressed natural gas (CNG))
Reporting Section Part 1 (Fuel Taxes)
Filing Frequency Quarterly
Tax Rate $0.183 per gallon
Tax Calculation Formula Number of gallons × $0.183
Details Required for Calculating the Tax Amount Number of gallons

Compressed Natural Gas Excise Tax Due Dates and Penalties

Quarter Tax Period Covered Form 720 Due Date
Q1 January 1 – March 31 April 30
Q2 April 1 – June 30 July 31
Q3 July 1 – September 30 October 31
Q4 October 1 – December 31 January 31 (following year)
Note: If the due date falls on a Saturday, Sunday, or legal holiday, the return is due on the next business day.

If you fail to file Form 720 for your excise tax on Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) by the applicable due date, the IRS may impose
penalties and interest. Common penalties include:

Late Filing
Late Filing

Generally 5% of the unpaid tax for each month or part of a month the return is late, up to 25%.

Late Payment
Late Payment

Generally 0.5% of the unpaid tax for each month or part of a month, up to 25%.

Interest
Interest

If taxes have not been paid, interest can accumulate from the date payment was due until the tax liability has been satisfied.

Failure to Deposit
Failure to Deposit

Further penalties may arise where federal tax deposits have been untimely, understated, or improperly deposited.

How to file Compressed Natural Gas Tax online with Simple720?
(easy 4 Steps)

Why Choose Simple720 for Filing Your Compressed Natural Gas Tax?

Built Specifically for Fuel Tax Filers
Built Specifically for Fuel Tax Filers
Simple720 is optimized for Form 720 fuel taxes including IRS No. 120, helping you file CNG taxes accurately every quarter.
Secure Digital Filing Records
Secure Digital Filing Records
All your CNG filings, tax calculations, and payment confirmations remain safely stored in one centralized dashboard.
IRS Authorized E Filing System
IRS Authorized E Filing System
Simple720 is officially approved to securely transmit Form 720 fuel tax returns to the IRS with real-time validation and confirmation.

Simple720 vs Other Providers vs Manual Filing

Filing Features Simple720 Other Providers Paper Filing
Software Download Not required May be required Not applicable
License No license May require license Not applicable
Contract No contract May require contract Not applicable
Cost Affordable pricing Often higher cost Moderate
Filing Speed Fast online filing Varies by provider Slower filing
Ease of Use Simple guided process Platform dependent Complicated manual process
Efficiency Highly efficient Varies by provider Less efficient
Tax Calculation Automatic calculation Provider dependent Manual calculation
Support Dedicated support Limited support No support
Overall Experience Fast and simple Varies by provider More manual effort
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Frequently Asked Questions

Compressed Natural Gas CNG is classified as an alternative fuel and reported under IRS No. 120 in the Fuel Taxes category on Form 720.

CNG becomes taxable when it is delivered into a motor vehicle or motorboat fuel tank or sold in qualifying bulk transactions.

Yes. Section 4081 governs the excise tax on alternative fuels used in highway transportation including CNG.

Businesses that sell, dispense, or use CNG as a motor fuel must file and pay the tax quarterly using Form 720.

Yes. You can electronically file your CNG tax using an IRS Authorized platform like Simple720 for faster processing and instant confirmation.

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